As shown in the figure above the driving force is F-mgsintheta where the -ve sign implies that the. Its position with respect to time t can be described by the angle theta (measured against a reference line, usually vertical line). The arrival time can be found by rearranging the average velocity formula: A simple pendulum consists of a bob of mass m suspended from a friction-less and fixed pivot with the help of a mass-less, rigid, inextensible rod of length L. The pigeon's home is at position x 2, which is: If the average velocity of the pigeon is 20.0 m/s, at what time should the pigeon arrive back at its home?Īnswer: The problem is easiest to solve if the position of the cage is assigned to be x 1 = 0.0 m. The average speed of an object is the ratio of the total distance it travels to the total time of travel in equation form this is : averagespeed (1) totaldistance timetraveled Å d t You have all calculated the average speed for a cart rolling down a ramp in a number of different experiments. At that time, the cage was 108.0 km from the pigeon's home. Let s start by reviewing some basic concepts. This means that the average velocity can also be stated as 33.33 m/s, toward Toronto.Ģ) A homing pigeon was released from its cage at 10:00 am. The average velocity is -33.33 m/s, with the direction defined as above. The average velocity can be found using the formula: Using these conversions, the positions and times are: There are 1000 meters in 1 kilometer, and so 1 kilometer is: There are 60 minutes in an hour, and 60 seconds in a minute, and so 1 hour is: The question asks for the velocity to be stated in meters per second, so these positions and times must be converted. The travel time is given as a difference, so the start time is chosen to be t 1 = 0 hours. The start position x 1 = 220 km, and the end position x 2 = 100 km. Using this definition for direction, the resulting value of velocity will be negative. If the location, Toronto, is chosen as x = 0, and the distance values are chosen to be positive, then the vehicle is moving in the negative x direction. In the speed calculator, the default is miles per hour, but you can change the unit to suit your needs.
In this case, the positions are expressed as distances away from a location. The formula looks like this: average speed total distance / total time Common units for speed are kilometers per hour (kph), miles per hour (mph), feet per second (ft/s), and meters per second (m/s). What is the velocity of the vehicle the boy is in, expressed in meters per second?Īnswer: The choice of direction is important when solving velocity problems. Exactly one hour later, he sees a sign that says Toronto is 100 km away. Average Velocity Formula (displacement over time) Questions:ġ) On a driving vacation, a boy sees a road sign that says Toronto is 220 km away.